Đặc điểm và công dụng của vật liệu mài mòn corundum ở Trung Quốc được thể hiện trong Bảng 1-1-3.
| Các loại corundum | đặc trưng | sử dụng |
| Corundum nâu | Corundum màu nâu có màu nâu, thành phần hóa học chủ yếu là Al₂O₃, hàm lượng 94,5% ~ 97%, có độ cứng cao, độ dai, hạt sắc nhọn, đặc điểm giá thành tương đối thấp, thích hợp để mài kim loại có độ bền kéo cao, khi không có chất mài mòn khác, nói chung có thể thay thế bằng nó. | Được sử dụng rộng rãi trong quá trình mài thô thép thông thường, chẳng hạn như: thép cacbon, thép hợp kim thông thường, gang dẻo, đồng cứng, v.v. Chất mài mòn thứ cấp của corundum nâu thường được sử dụng làm đá mài gạo, đá mài cắt nhựa, gạch nhám, vải nhám, giấy nhám, v.v. |
| Corundum trắng | Độ cứng của corundum trắng cao hơn một chút so với corundum nâu, nhưng độ dẻo dai kém hơn một chút, dễ cắt phôi khi cắt, khả năng tự mài tốt hơn, tỏa nhiệt ít, khả năng mài mạnh, hiệu quả cao và giá cao hơn corundum nâu. | Thích hợp để mài thép có độ cứng cao như thép tốc độ cao, thép cacbon thương mại, thép tôi, thép hợp kim, v.v. |
| Corundum đơn tinh thể | Các hạt mài mòn corundum đơn tinh thể được cấu tạo từ một tinh thể duy nhất, có lưỡi cắt đa lăng kính tốt, độ cứng và độ dai cao, khả năng mài mạnh, nhiệt mài ít, nhược điểm là chi phí sản xuất cao, trong quá trình sản xuất phát sinh khí thải và nước thải, sản lượng thấp. | Có thể dùng để mài các vật liệu kim loại cứng và khó mài mòn như thép không gỉ, thép gió có hàm lượng vanadi cao, thép hợp kim chịu nhiệt và các phôi dễ biến dạng, dễ cháy, vì vật liệu mài corundum đơn tinh thể bị hạn chế bởi điều kiện sản xuất nên thường chỉ được khuyến nghị dùng để mài các hợp kim chịu nhiệt và vật liệu kim loại khó mài mòn. |
| Corundum vi tinh thể | Thuộc loại dẫn xuất của corundum nâu, màu sắc bên ngoài và thành phần hóa học tương tự như corundum nâu, đặc trưng bởi kích thước tinh thể nhỏ (50 ~ 280/μm), độ bền hạt mài mòn tốt, độ bền cao và khả năng tự mài sắc tốt. | Thích hợp để nghiền thép không gỉ, thép cacbon, gang nghiền bi, v.v. và phương pháp nghiền thích hợp để phay tạo hình, nghiền cắt, nghiền mịn và nghiền nặng |
| Corundum Crom | Đây là một loại corundum trắng có nguồn gốc, có vẻ ngoài màu hồng, độ cứng tương tự như corundum trắng, độ dẻo dai cao hơn một chút so với corundum trắng và độ bền cao, hiệu suất mài tốt và độ chính xác mài cao. Vật liệu mài mòn làm từ vật liệu mài mòn này có khả năng giữ hình dạng tốt | Phạm vi ứng dụng tương tự như corundum trắng, đặc biệt thích hợp để nghiền mịn và mài tạo hình các loại dụng cụ, dụng cụ đo và các bộ phận dụng cụ. Nhìn chung, corundum crom có đặc tính nghiền tốt hơn corundum trắng |
| Zirconium corundum | Zirconium corundum là: α-Al₂O₃ và Al₂O₃-ZrO2: hợp chất đồng tinh thể, đặc trưng bởi độ cứng thấp hơn một chút, nhưng giá trị độ dẻo dai lớn, cường độ cao, kích thước tinh thể thường mỏng hơn, khả năng chống mài mòn tốt | Vật liệu mài mòn zirconium corundum nước ngoài chủ yếu được sử dụng để mài nặng, thích hợp để mài thép hợp kim chịu nhiệt, thép hợp kim Tần và thép không gỉ austenit |
| Corundum thiêu kết | Nó được thiêu kết với vật liệu mịn của bột bô-xít hoặc nhôm oxit, được đặc trưng bởi độ dẻo dai tốt, Nó có thể được chế tạo thành nhiều hình dạng và kích thước đặc biệt của hạt mài mòn |
Nó chủ yếu được sử dụng để nghiền các loại phôi nặng, thích hợp để nghiền các loại phôi thép không gỉ, v.v. |
| Ngọc thép đen | Thuộc loại corundum nâu có màu đen, đặc trưng là hàm lượng Al₂O₃ thấp, có một lượng Fe₂O₃ nhất định (khoảng 10%) nên độ cứng thấp nhưng độ dai tốt. | Nó chủ yếu được sử dụng để mài tự do, chẳng hạn như mài hoặc mài thô trước khi mạ điện sản phẩm và cũng được sử dụng để làm vật liệu mài phủ. Tấm cắt nhựa, khối đánh bóng, v.v. |
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